Israel’s move to recognise Somaliland is best understood through the lens of “maritime choke points” specifically the Bab el-Mandeb. This narrow strait connects the Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean, acting as a jugular vein for global trade and energy supplies. Somaliland is not just a breakaway region; it is valuable real estate overlooking one of the world’s most critical shipping lanes. Control or influence here grants a nation the ability to secure or disrupt the flow of oil and goods between Europe and Asia.
China has massive economic stakes in the region, centered around its “Maritime Silk Road.” China operates its first overseas military base in nearby Djibouti to secure its trade routes. Israel’s recognition of Somaliland threatens to create a rival security architecture right next door to China’s “Pearl,” potentially allowing hostile powers to monitor or check Chinese influence in the Indian Ocean region.
For the exam, focus on the map of the Horn of Africa. Be clear on the location of Somaliland and the countries bordering the Bab el-Mandeb (Yemen, Djibouti, Eritrea).
