Biomanufacturing and Biomaterials: “BioE3” Framework for India’s Future

Amidst global shifts toward low-carbon circular economies, India is scaling its biomaterials sector, highlighted by major industrial investments like Balrampur Chini Mills’ PLA plant in Uttar Pradesh and the emergence of startups converting floral waste into bio-based products.¹ Biomaterials and Biomanufacturing Biomaterials are materials derived from biological sources (plant sugars,…

Rare Earth Elements (REE): 5 Crucial Facts UPSC Aspirant Must Know

Recent geopolitical tensions have seen major global powers restricting the export of Rare Earth Elements (REEs). These elements are often called the “vitamins of modern industry” because, like vitamins in the human body, they are needed in tiny quantities but are absolutely essential for the “health” (functioning) of high-tech devices…